AUGUST 4, 2026
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Case File

CVE-2023-25581

UNKNOWN · CVSS N/A EPSS 1.94% Public Exploit

Source: NVD + CISA KEV + EPSS (historical backfill) · Published 2024-10-10 · Last synced 2026-08-04

CyberRota Analysis

This vulnerability has an unknown severity rating. It affects Java. Public exploit code or proof-of-concept references have been detected in its references. It may be remotely exploitable.

Public Exploit Signal

A public exploit, PoC, GitHub repository or Metasploit reference was detected for this CVE.

Detected Signals
exploit remote code execution code execution

Note: these links are listed for security research and verification purposes only.

CVE
CVE-2023-25581
Severity
UNKNOWN
CVSS
N/A
EPSS
1.94%
Java

Original NVD Description

pac4j is a security framework for Java. `pac4j-core` prior to version 4.0.0 is affected by a Java deserialization vulnerability. The vulnerability affects systems that store externally controlled values in attributes of the `UserProfile` class from pac4j-core. It can be exploited by providing an attribute that contains a serialized Java object with a special prefix `{#sb64}` and Base64 encoding. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in the worst case. Although a `RestrictedObjectInputStream` is in place, that puts some restriction on what classes can be deserialized, it still allows a broad range of java packages and potentially exploitable with different gadget chains. pac4j versions 4.0.0 and greater are not affected by this issue. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.