CVE Database

Discourse is an open source discussion platform. Prior to versions 2025.12.2, 2026.1.1, and 2026.2.0, when the `patreon_webhook_secret` site setting is blank, an attacker can forge valid webhook signatures by computing an HMAC-MD5 with an empty string as the key. Since the request body is known to the sender, the attacker can produce a matching signature and send arbitrary webhook payloads. This allows unauthorized creation, modification, or deletion of Patreon pledge data and triggering patron-to-group synchronization. This vulnerability is patched in versions 2025.12.2, 2026.1.1, and 2026.2.0. The fix rejects webhook requests when the webhook secret is not configured, preventing signature forgery with an empty key. As a workaround, configure the `patreon_webhook_secret` site setting with a strong, non-empty secret value. When the secret is non-empty, an attacker cannot forge valid signatures without knowing the secret.

Improper session management in D-Link Wireless N 300 ADSL2+ Modem Router DSL-124 ME_1.00 allows attackers to execute a session hijacking attack via spoofing the IP address of an authenticated user.

Deserialization of untrusted data in the LanguageModel class of Flair from versions 0.4.1 to latest are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution when loading a malicious model.

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Dokuzsoft Technology Ltd. E-Commerce Product allows Reflected XSS. This issue affects E-Commerce Product: through 10122025.

Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in Stylemix uListing ulisting allows Object Injection.This issue affects uListing: from n/a through <= 2.2.0.

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in VeronaLabs WP SMS wp-sms allows SQL Injection.This issue affects WP SMS: from n/a through <= 6.9.12.

The OAuth grant type Resource Owner Password Credentials (ROPC) flow is still used by the werbservices used by the WebVue, WebScheduler, TouchVue and Snapvue features of PcVue in version 12.0.0 through 16.3.3 included despite being deprecated. It might allow a remote attacker to steal user credentials.

The installer of FinalCode Client provided by Digital Arts Inc. contains an issue with the DLL search path. If a user is directed to place a malicious DLL file and the installer to the same directory and execute the installer, arbitrary code may be executed with the installer's execution privilege.

The installer of FinalCode Client provided by Digital Arts Inc. contains an incorrect default permissions vulnerability. A non-administrative user may execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privilege.

The Worry Proof Backup plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Path Traversal in all versions up to, and including, 0.2.4 via the backup upload functionality. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to upload a malicious ZIP archive with path traversal sequences to write arbitrary files anywhere on the server, including executable PHP files. This can lead to remote code execution.

The User Registration & Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in versions up to, and including, 5.1.2. This is due to incorrect authentication in the 'register_member' function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in a newly registered user on the site who has the 'urm_user_just_created' user meta set.

Vitess is a database clustering system for horizontal scaling of MySQL. Prior to versions 23.0.3 and 22.0.4, anyone with read/write access to the backup storage location (e.g. an S3 bucket) can manipulate backup manifest files so that files in the manifest — which may be files that they have also added to the manifest and backup contents — are written to any accessible location on restore. This is a common path traversal security issue. This can be used to provide that attacker with unintended/unauthorized access to the production deployment environment — allowing them to access information available in that environment as well as run any additional arbitrary commands there. Versions 23.0.3 and 22.0.4 contain a patch. No known workarounds are available.

Agenta is an open-source LLMOps platform. A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in versions prior to 0.86.8 in Agenta's API server evaluator template rendering. Although the vulnerable code lives in the SDK package, it is executed server-side within the API process when running evaluators. This does not affect standalone SDK usage — it only impacts self-hosted or managed Agenta platform deployments. Version 0.86.8 contains a fix for the issue.

Koa is middleware for Node.js using ES2017 async functions. Prior to versions 3.1.2 and 2.16.4, Koa's `ctx.hostname` API performs naive parsing of the HTTP Host header, extracting everything before the first colon without validating the input conforms to RFC 3986 hostname syntax. When a malformed Host header containing a `@` symbol is received, `ctx.hostname` returns `evil[.]com` - an attacker-controlled value. Applications using `ctx.hostname` for URL generation, password reset links, email verification URLs, or routing decisions are vulnerable to Host header injection attacks. Versions 3.1.2 and 2.16.4 fix the issue.

Agenta is an open-source LLMOps platform. In Agenta-API prior to version 0.48.1, a Python sandbox escape vulnerability existed in Agenta's custom code evaluator. Agenta used RestrictedPython as a sandboxing mechanism for user-supplied evaluator code, but incorrectly whitelisted the `numpy` package as safe within the sandbox. This allowed authenticated users to bypass the sandbox and achieve arbitrary code execution on the API server. The escape path was through `numpy.ma.core.inspect`, which exposes Python's introspection utilities — including `sys.modules` — thereby providing access to unfiltered system-level functionality like `os.system`. This vulnerability affects the Agenta self-hosted platform (API server), not the SDK when used as a standalone Python library. The custom code evaluator runs server-side within the API process. The issue is fixed in v0.48.1 by removing `numpy` from the sandbox allowlist. In later versions (v0.60+), the RestrictedPython sandbox was removed entirely and replaced with a different execution model.

fast-xml-parser allows users to validate XML, parse XML to JS object, or build XML from JS object without C/C++ based libraries and no callback. Prior to version 5.3.8, the application crashes with stack overflow when user use XML builder with `preserveOrder:true`. Version 5.3.8 fixes the issue. As a workaround, use XML builder with `preserveOrder:false` or check the input data before passing to builder.

WPGraphQL provides a GraphQL API for WordPress sites. Prior to version 2.9.1, the `wp-graphql/wp-graphql` repository contains a GitHub Actions workflow (`release.yml`) vulnerable to OS command injection through direct use of `${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}` inside a `run:` shell block. When a pull request from `develop` to `master` is merged, the PR body is injected verbatim into a shell command, allowing arbitrary command execution on the Actions runner. Version 2.9.1 contains a fix for the vulnerability.

minimatch is a minimal matching utility for converting glob expressions into JavaScript RegExp objects. Prior to version 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.4, nested `*()` extglobs produce regexps with nested unbounded quantifiers (e.g. `(?:(?:a|b)*)*`), which exhibit catastrophic backtracking in V8. With a 12-byte pattern `*(*(*(a|b)))` and an 18-byte non-matching input, `minimatch()` stalls for over 7 seconds. Adding a single nesting level or a few input characters pushes this to minutes. This is the most severe finding: it is triggered by the default `minimatch()` API with no special options, and the minimum viable pattern is only 12 bytes. The same issue affects `+()` extglobs equally. Versions 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.4 fix the issue.

minimatch is a minimal matching utility for converting glob expressions into JavaScript RegExp objects. Prior to version 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.3, `matchOne()` performs unbounded recursive backtracking when a glob pattern contains multiple non-adjacent `**` (GLOBSTAR) segments and the input path does not match. The time complexity is O(C(n, k)) -- binomial -- where `n` is the number of path segments and `k` is the number of globstars. With k=11 and n=30, a call to the default `minimatch()` API stalls for roughly 5 seconds. With k=13, it exceeds 15 seconds. No memoization or call budget exists to bound this behavior. Any application where an attacker can influence the glob pattern passed to `minimatch()` is vulnerable. The realistic attack surface includes build tools and task runners that accept user-supplied glob arguments (ESLint, Webpack, Rollup config), multi-tenant systems where one tenant configures glob-based rules that run in a shared process, admin or developer interfaces that accept ignore-rule or filter configuration as globs, and CI/CD pipelines that evaluate user-submitted config files containing glob patterns. An attacker who can place a crafted pattern into any of these paths can stall the Node.js event loop for tens of seconds per invocation. The pattern is 56 bytes for a 5-second stall and does not require authentication in contexts where pattern input is part of the feature. Versions 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.3 fix the issue.

WireGuard Portal (or wg-portal) is a web-based configuration portal for WireGuard server management. Prior to version 2.1.3, any authenticated non-admin user can become a full administrator by sending a single PUT request to their own user profile endpoint with `"IsAdmin": true` in the JSON body. After logging out and back in, the session picks up admin privileges from the database. When a user updates their own profile, the server parses the full JSON body into the user model, including the `IsAdmin` boolean field. A function responsible for preserving calculated or protected attributes pins certain fields to their database values (such as base model data, linked peer count, and authentication data), but it does not do this for `IsAdmin`. As a result, whatever value the client sends for `IsAdmin` is written directly to the database. After the exploit, the attacker has full admin access to the WireGuard VPN management portal. The problem was fixed in v2.1.3. The docker images for the tag 'latest' built from the master branch also include the fix.

The WP Responsive Images plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Path Traversal in all versions up to, and including, 1.0 via the 'src' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read the contents of arbitrary files on the server, which can contain sensitive information.

The Go MCP SDK used Go's standard encoding/json.Unmarshal for JSON-RPC and MCP protocol message parsing in versions prior to 1.3.1. Go's standard library performs case-insensitive matching of JSON keys to struct field tags — a field tagged json:"method" would also match "Method", "METHOD", etc. This violated the JSON-RPC 2.0 specification, which defines exact field names. A malicious MCP peer may have been able to send protocol messages with non-standard field casing that the SDK would silently accept. This had the potential for bypassing intermediary inspection and coss-implementation inconsistency. Go's standard JSON unmarshaling was replaced with a case-sensitive decoder in commit 7b8d81c. Users are advised to update to v1.3.1 to resolve this issue.

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.7.3, an attacker who uses this vulnerability can craft a PDF which leads to the RAM being exhausted. This requires accessing the `xfa` property of a reader or writer and the corresponding stream being compressed using `/FlateDecode`. This has been fixed in pypdf 6.7.3. As a workaround, apply the patch manually.

rldns is an open source DNS server. Version 1.3 has a heap-based out-of-bounds read that leads to denial of service. Version 1.4 contains a patch for the issue.

c3p0, a JDBC Connection pooling library, is vulnerable to attack via maliciously crafted Java-serialized objects and `javax.naming.Reference` instances. Several c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` implementations have a property called `userOverridesAsString` which conceptually represents a `Map<String,Map<String,String>>`. Prior to v0.12.0, that property was maintained as a hex-encoded serialized object. Any attacker able to reset this property, on an existing `ConnectionPoolDataSource` or via maliciously crafted serialized objects or `javax.naming.Reference` instances could be tailored execute unexpected code on the application's `CLASSPATH`. The danger of this vulnerability was strongly magnified by vulnerabilities in c3p0's main dependency, mchange-commons-java. This library includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including ungated support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values. Attackers could set c3p0's `userOverridesAsString` hex-encoded serialized objects that include objects "indirectly serialized" via JNDI references. Deserialization of those objects and dereferencing of the embedded `javax.naming.Reference` objects could provoke download and execution of malicious code from a remote `factoryClassLocation`. Although hazard presented by c3p0's vulnerabilites are exarcerbated by vulnerabilities in mchange-commons-java, use of Java-serialized-object hex as the format for a writable Java-Bean property, of objects that may be exposed across JNDI interfaces, represents a serious independent fragility. The `userOverridesAsString` property of c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` classes has been reimplemented to use a safe CSV-based format, rather than rely upon potentially dangerous Java object deserialization. c3p0-0.12.0+ and above depend upon mchange-commons-java 0.4.0+, which gates support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values. c3p0 additionally enforces the new mchange-commons-java `com.mchange.v2.naming.nameGuardClassName` to prevent injection of unexpected, potentially remote JNDI names. There is no supported workaround for versions of c3p0 prior to 0.12.0.

Zed, a code editor, has an extension installer allows tar/gzip downloads. Prior to version 0.224.4, the tar extractor (`async_tar::Archive::unpack`) creates symlinks from the archive without validation, and the path guard (`writeable_path_from_extension`) only performs lexical prefix checks without resolving symlinks. An attacker can ship a tar that first creates a symlink inside the extension workdir pointing outside (e.g., `escape -> /`), then writes files through the symlink, causing writes to arbitrary host paths. This escapes the extension sandbox and enables code execution. Version 0.224.4 patches the issue.

Zed, a code editor, has a symlink escape vulnerability in versions prior to 0.225.9 in Agent file tools (`read_file`, `edit_file`). It allows reading and writing files **outside the project directory** when a project contains symbolic links pointing to external paths. This bypasses the intended workspace boundary and privacy protections (`file_scan_exclusions`, `private_files`), potentially leaking sensitive user data to the LLM. Version 0.225.9 fixes the issue.

GPAC is an open-source multimedia framework. In versions up to and including 26.02.0, a stack buffer overflow occurs during NHML file parsing in `src/filters/dmx_nhml.c`. The value of the xmlHeaderEnd XML attribute is copied from att->value into szXmlHeaderEnd[1000] using strcpy() without any length validation. If the input exceeds 1000 bytes, it overwrites beyond the stack buffer boundary. Commit 9bd7137fded2db40de61a2cf3045812c8741ec52 patches the issue.

TerriaJS-Server is a NodeJS Express server for TerriaJS, a library for building web-based geospatial data explorers. A validation bug in versions prior to 4.0.3 allows an attacker to proxy domains not explicitly allowed in the `proxyableDomains` configuration. Version 4.0.3 fixes the issue.

Zed, a code editor, has a Zip Slip (Path Traversal) vulnerability exists in its extension archive extraction functionality prior to version 0.224.4. The `extract_zip()` function in `crates/util/src/archive.rs` fails to validate ZIP entry filenames for path traversal sequences (e.g., `../`). This allows a malicious extension to write files outside its designated sandbox directory by downloading and extracting a crafted ZIP archive. Version 0.224.4 fixes the issue.