CVE Database

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data using a variety of encodings and compression methods. For the `VARINT` and `CONST` encodings, incomplete validation of the context in which the encodings were used could result in up to eight bytes being written beyond the end of a heap allocation, or up to eight bytes being written to the location of a one byte variable on the stack, possibly causing the values to adjacent variables to change unexpectedly. Depending on the data stream this could result either in a heap buffer overflow or a stack overflow. If a user opens a file crafted to exploit this issue it could lead to the program crashing, overwriting of data structures on the heap or stack in ways not expected by the program, or changing the control flow of the program. It may be possible to use this to obtain arbitrary code execution. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. In the `cram_decode_slice()` function called while reading CRAM records, validation of the reference id field occurred too late, allowing two out of bounds reads to occur before the invalid data was detected. The bug does allow two values to be leaked to the caller, however as the function reports an error it may be difficult to exploit them. It is also possible that the program will crash due to trying to access invalid memory. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data using a variety of encodings and compression methods. While most alignment records store DNA sequence and quality values, the format also allows them to omit this data in certain cases to save space. Due to some quirks of the CRAM format, it is necessary to handle these records carefully as they will actually store data that needs to be consumed and then discarded. Unfortunately the `CONST`, `XPACK` and `XRLE` encodings did not properly implement the interface needed to do this. Trying to decode records with omitted sequence or quality data using these encodings would result in an attempt to write to a NULL pointer. Exploiting this bug causes a NULL pointer dereference. Typically this will cause the program to crash. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. As one method of removing redundant data, CRAM uses reference-based compression so that instead of storing the full sequence for each alignment record it stores a location in an external reference sequence along with a list of differences to the reference at that location as a sequence of "features". When decoding these features, an out-by-one error in a test for CRAM features that appear beyond the extent of the CRAM record sequence could result in an invalid write of one attacker-controlled byte beyond the end of a heap buffer. Exploiting this bug causes a heap buffer overflow. If a user opens a file crafted to exploit this issue, it could lead to the program crashing, or overwriting of data and heap structures in ways not expected by the program. It may be possible to use this to obtain arbitrary code execution. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

Microsoft Dynamics 365 Customer Engagement (on-premises) 1612 (9.0.2.3034) allows the generation of customized reports via raw SQL queries in an upload of a .rdl (Report Definition Language) file; this is then processed by the SQL Server Reporting Service. An account with the privilege Add Reporting Services Reports can upload a malicious rdl file. If the malicious rdl file is already loaded and it is executable by the user, the Add Reporting Services Reports privilege is not required. A malicious actor can trigger the generation of the report, causing the execution of arbitrary SQL commands in the underlying database. Depending on the permissions of the account running SQL Server Reporting Services, the attacker may be able to perform additional actions, such as accessing linked servers or executing operating system commands.

Glances is an open-source system cross-platform monitoring tool. Prior to version 4.5.2, in Central Browser mode, Glances stores both the Zeroconf-advertised server name and the discovered IP address for dynamic servers, but later builds connection URIs from the untrusted advertised name instead of the discovered IP. When a dynamic server reports itself as protected, Glances also uses that same untrusted name as the lookup key for saved passwords and the global `[passwords] default` credential. An attacker on the same local network can advertise a fake Glances service over Zeroconf and cause the browser to automatically send a reusable Glances authentication secret to an attacker-controlled host. This affects the background polling path and the REST/WebUI click-through path in Central Browser mode. Version 4.5.2 fixes the issue.

Glances is an open-source system cross-platform monitoring tool. The GHSA-x46r fix (commit 39161f0) addressed SQL injection in the TimescaleDB export module by converting all SQL operations to use parameterized queries and `psycopg.sql` composable objects. However, the DuckDB export module (`glances/exports/glances_duckdb/__init__.py`) was not included in this fix and contains the same class of vulnerability: table names and column names derived from monitoring statistics are directly interpolated into SQL statements via f-strings. While DuckDB INSERT values already use parameterized queries (`?` placeholders), the DDL construction and table name references do not escape or parameterize identifier names. Version 4.5.3 provides a more complete fix.

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. While most alignment records store DNA sequence and quality values, the format also allows them to omit this data in certain cases to save space. Due to some quirks of the CRAM format, it is necessary to handle these records carefully as they will actually store data that needs to be consumed and then discarded. Unfortunately the `cram_decode_seq()` did not handle this correctly in some cases. Where this happened it could result in reading a single byte from beyond the end of a heap allocation, followed by writing a single attacker-controlled byte to the same location. Exploiting this bug causes a heap buffer overflow. If a user opens a file crafted to exploit this issue, it could lead to the program crashing, or overwriting of data and heap structures in ways not expected by the program. It may be possible to use this to obtain arbitrary code execution. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

A lack of path validation in aaPanel v7.57.0 allows attackers to execute a local file inclusion (LFI), leadingot sensitive information exposure.

An issue in the VirtualHost configuration handling/parser component of aaPanel v7.57.0 allows attackers to cause a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via a crafted input.

nghttp2 is an implementation of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol version 2 in C. Prior to version 1.68.1, the nghttp2 library stops reading the incoming data when user facing public API `nghttp2_session_terminate_session` or `nghttp2_session_terminate_session2` is called by the application. They might be called internally by the library when it detects the situation that is subject to connection error. Due to the missing internal state validation, the library keeps reading the rest of the data after one of those APIs is called. Then receiving a malformed frame that causes FRAME_SIZE_ERROR causes assertion failure. nghttp2 v1.68.1 adds missing state validation to avoid assertion failure. No known workarounds are available.

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in giflib v.5.2.2 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the EGifGCBToExtension overwriting an existing Graphic Control Extension block without validating its allocated size.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: Only allow act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks As Paolo said earlier [1]: "Since the blamed commit below, classify can return TC_ACT_CONSUMED while the current skb being held by the defragmentation engine. As reported by GangMin Kim, if such packet is that may cause a UaF when the defrag engine later on tries to tuch again such packet." act_ct was never meant to be used in the egress path, however some users are attaching it to egress today [2]. Attempting to reach a middle ground, we noticed that, while most qdiscs are not handling TC_ACT_CONSUMED, clsact/ingress qdiscs are. With that in mind, we address the issue by only allowing act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks. That way it's still possible to attach act_ct to egress (albeit only with clsact). [1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/674b8cbfc385c6f37fb29a1de08d8fe5c2b0fbee.1771321118.git.pabeni@redhat.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/cc6bfb4a-4a2b-42d8-b9ce-7ef6644fb22b@ovn.org/

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: apparmor: validate DFA start states are in bounds in unpack_pdb Start states are read from untrusted data and used as indexes into the DFA state tables. The aa_dfa_next() function call in unpack_pdb() will access dfa->tables[YYTD_ID_BASE][start], and if the start state exceeds the number of states in the DFA, this results in an out-of-bound read. ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in aa_dfa_next+0x2a1/0x360 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88811956fb90 by task su/1097 ... Reject policies with out-of-bounds start states during unpacking to prevent the issue.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: apparmor: fix unprivileged local user can do privileged policy management An unprivileged local user can load, replace, and remove profiles by opening the apparmorfs interfaces, via a confused deputy attack, by passing the opened fd to a privileged process, and getting the privileged process to write to the interface. This does require a privileged target that can be manipulated to do the write for the unprivileged process, but once such access is achieved full policy management is possible and all the possible implications that implies: removing confinement, DoS of system or target applications by denying all execution, by-passing the unprivileged user namespace restriction, to exploiting kernel bugs for a local privilege escalation. The policy management interface can not have its permissions simply changed from 0666 to 0600 because non-root processes need to be able to load policy to different policy namespaces. Instead ensure the task writing the interface has privileges that are a subset of the task that opened the interface. This is already done via policy for confined processes, but unconfined can delegate access to the opened fd, by-passing the usual policy check.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gve: Fix stats report corruption on queue count change The driver and the NIC share a region in memory for stats reporting. The NIC calculates its offset into this region based on the total size of the stats region and the size of the NIC's stats. When the number of queues is changed, the driver's stats region is resized. If the queue count is increased, the NIC can write past the end of the allocated stats region, causing memory corruption. If the queue count is decreased, there is a gap between the driver and NIC stats, leading to incorrect stats reporting. This change fixes the issue by allocating stats region with maximum size, and the offset calculation for NIC stats is changed to match with the calculation of the NIC.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: dvb-core: fix wrong reinitialization of ringbuffer on reopen dvb_dvr_open() calls dvb_ringbuffer_init() when a new reader opens the DVR device. dvb_ringbuffer_init() calls init_waitqueue_head(), which reinitializes the waitqueue list head to empty. Since dmxdev->dvr_buffer.queue is a shared waitqueue (all opens of the same DVR device share it), this orphans any existing waitqueue entries from io_uring poll or epoll, leaving them with stale prev/next pointers while the list head is reset to {self, self}. The waitqueue and spinlock in dvr_buffer are already properly initialized once in dvb_dmxdev_init(). The open path only needs to reset the buffer data pointer, size, and read/write positions. Replace the dvb_ringbuffer_init() call in dvb_dvr_open() with direct assignment of data/size and a call to dvb_ringbuffer_reset(), which properly resets pread, pwrite, and error with correct memory ordering without touching the waitqueue or spinlock.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: do not free data reservation in fallback from inline due to -ENOSPC If we fail to create an inline extent due to -ENOSPC, we will attempt to go through the normal COW path, reserve an extent, create an ordered extent, etc. However we were always freeing the reserved qgroup data, which is wrong since we will use data. Fix this by freeing the reserved qgroup data in __cow_file_range_inline() only if we are not doing the fallback (ret is <= 0).

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix reservation leak in some error paths when inserting inline extent If we fail to allocate a path or join a transaction, we return from __cow_file_range_inline() without freeing the reserved qgroup data, resulting in a leak. Fix this by ensuring we call btrfs_qgroup_free_data() in such cases.

Glances is an open-source system cross-platform monitoring tool. Prior to version 4.5.2, the Glances REST API web server ships with a default CORS configuration that sets `allow_origins=["*"]` combined with `allow_credentials=True`. When both of these options are enabled together, Starlette's `CORSMiddleware` reflects the requesting `Origin` header value in the `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` response header instead of returning the literal `*` wildcard. This effectively grants any website the ability to make credentialed cross-origin API requests to the Glances server, enabling cross-site data theft of system monitoring information, configuration secrets, and command line arguments from any user who has an active browser session with a Glances instance. Version 4.5.2 fixes the issue.

A zip slip vulnerability in the Admin import functionality of CTFd v3.8.1-18-gdb5a18c4 allows attackers to write arbitrary files outside the intended directories via supplying a crafted import.

The Photo Gallery, Sliders, Proofing and Themes – NextGEN Gallery plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Local File Inclusion in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.3 via the 'template' parameter in gallery shortcodes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to include and execute arbitrary .php files on the server, allowing the execution of any PHP code in those files. This can be used to bypass access controls, obtain sensitive data, or achieve code execution in cases where .php file types can be uploaded and included.

The Post SMTP – Complete Email Deliverability and SMTP Solution with Email Logs, Alerts, Backup SMTP & Mobile App plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the ‘event_type’ parameter in all versions up to, and including, 3.8.0 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. The vulnerability is only exploitable when the Post SMTP Pro plugin is also installed and its Reporting and Tracking extension is enabled.

Jenkins 2.442 through 2.554 (both inclusive), LTS 2.426.3 through LTS 2.541.2 (both inclusive) performs origin validation of requests made through the CLI WebSocket endpoint by computing the expected origin for comparison using the Host or X-Forwarded-Host HTTP request headers, making it vulnerable to DNS rebinding attacks that allow bypassing origin validation.

Jenkins 2.554 and earlier, LTS 2.541.2 and earlier does not safely handle symbolic links during the extraction of .tar and .tar.gz archives, allowing crafted archives to write files to arbitrary locations on the filesystem, restricted only by file system access permissions of the user running Jenkins. This can be exploited to deploy malicious scripts or plugins on the controller by attackers with Item/Configure permission, or able to control agent processes.

The KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation due to missing authorization on the `/wp-json/kivicare/v1/setup-wizard/clinic` REST API endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.2. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create a new clinic and a WordPress user with clinic admin privileges.

The KiviCare – Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.2. This is due to the `patientSocialLogin()` function not verifying the social provider access token before authenticating a user. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any patient registered on the system by providing only their email address and an arbitrary value for the access token, bypassing all credential verification. The attacker gains access to sensitive medical records, appointments, prescriptions, and billing information (PII/PHI breach). Additionally, authentication cookies are set before the role check, meaning the auth cookies for non-patient users (including administrators) are also set in the HTTP response headers, even though a 403 response is returned.

When a plugin is installed using the Arturia Software Center (MacOS), it also installs an uninstall.sh bash script in a root owned path. This script is written to disk with the file permissions 777, meaning it is writable by any user. When uninstalling a plugin via the Arturia Software Center the Privileged Helper gets instructed to execute this script. When the bash script is manipulated by an attacker this scenario will lead to privilege escalation.

The "Privileged Helper" component of the Arturia Software Center (MacOS) does not perform sufficient client code signature validation when a client connects. This leads to an attacker being able to connect to the helper and execute privileged actions leading to local privilege escalation.

MuraCMS through 10.1.10 contains a CSRF vulnerability that allows attackers to permanently destroy all deleted content stored in the trash system through a simple CSRF attack. The vulnerable cTrash.empty function lacks CSRF token validation, enabling malicious websites to forge requests that irreversibly delete all trashed content when an authenticated administrator visits a crated webpage. Successful exploitation of the CSRF vulnerability results in potentially catastrophic data loss within the MuraCMS system. When an authenticated administrator visits a malicious page containing the CSRF exploit, their browser automatically submits a hidden form that permanently empties the entire trash system without any validation, confirmation dialog, or user consent.