CVE Database

OpenPrinting CUPS is an open source printing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. In versions 2.4.16 and prior, a local unprivileged user can coerce cupsd into authenticating to an attacker-controlled localhost IPP service with a reusable Authorization: Local ... token. That token is enough to drive /admin/ requests on localhost, and the attacker can combine CUPS-Create-Local-Printer with printer-is-shared=true to persist a file:///... queue even though the normal FileDevice policy rejects such URIs. Printing to that queue gives an arbitrary root file overwrite; the PoC below uses that primitive to drop a sudoers fragment and demonstrate root command execution. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.

OpenPrinting CUPS is an open source printing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. In versions 2.4.16 and prior, in a network-exposed cupsd with a shared target queue, an unauthorized client can send a Print-Job to that shared PostScript queue without authentication. The server accepts a page-border value supplied as textWithoutLanguage, preserves an embedded newline through option escaping and reparse, and then reparses the resulting second-line PPD: text as a trusted scheduler control record. A follow-up raw print job can therefore make the server execute an attacker-chosen existing binary such as /usr/bin/vim as lp. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.

OAuthenticator is software that allows OAuth2 identity providers to be plugged in and used with JupyterHub. Prior to version 17.4.0, an authentication bypass vulnerability in oauthenticator allows an attacker with an unverified email address on an Auth0 tenant to login to JupyterHub. When email is used as the usrname_claim, this gives users control over their username and the possibility of account takeover. This issue has been patched in version 17.4.0.

RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In versions 0.24.0 and prior, a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in RAGFlow's Agent workflow Text Processing (StringTransform) and Message components. These components use Python's jinja2.Template (unsandboxed) to render user-supplied templates, allowing any authenticated user to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the server. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.

Piwigo is an open source photo gallery application for the web. Prior to version 16.3.0, a SQL Injection vulnerability was discovered in Piwigo affecting the Activity List API endpoint. This vulnerability allows an authenticated administrator to extract sensitive data from the database, including user credentials, email addresses, and all stored content. This issue has been patched in version 16.3.0.

Piwigo is an open source photo gallery application for the web. Prior to version 16.3.0, a SQL Injection vulnerability exists in the pwg.users.getList Web Service API method. The filter parameter is directly concatenated into a SQL query without proper sanitization, allowing authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary SQL commands. This issue has been patched in version 16.3.0.

Piwigo is an open source photo gallery application for the web. Prior to version 16.3.0, the pwg.history.search API method in Piwigo is registered without the admin_only option, allowing unauthenticated users to access the full browsing history of all gallery visitors. This issue has been patched in version 16.3.0.

Hirschmann HiLCOS Classic Platform switches Classic L2E, L2P, L3E, L3P versions prior to 09.0.06 and Classic L2B prior to 05.3.07 contain a credential exposure vulnerability where user passwords are synchronized with SNMPv1/v2 community strings and transmitted in plaintext when the feature is enabled. Attackers with local network access can sniff SNMP traffic or extract configuration data to recover plaintext credentials and gain unauthorized administrative access to the switches.

Hirschmann HiLCOS devices OpenBAT, WLC, BAT300, BAT54 prior to 8.80 and OpenBAT prior to 9.10 are shipped with identical default SSH and SSL keys that cannot be changed, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to decrypt or intercept encrypted management communications. Attackers can perform man-in-the-middle attacks, impersonate devices, and expose sensitive information by leveraging the shared default cryptographic keys across multiple devices.

OS command injection in the browser-based authentication component in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.0.5.1 on Linux might allow a threat actor to execute arbitrary code by using specially crafted connection parameters that are loaded by the driver during a local user-initiated connection. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 2.0.5.1 or later.

Allocation of resources without limits in the parsing components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a threat actor to cause a denial of service by delivering crafted input that triggers excessive resource consumption during the driver's parsing operations. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 2.1.0.0.

Insufficient authentication security controls in the browser-based authentication components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a threat actor to intercept or hijack authentication sessions due to insufficient protections in the browser-based authentication flows. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 2.1.0.0.

Improper certificate validation in the identity provider connection components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a man-in-the-middle threat actor to intercept authentication credentials due to insufficient default transport security when connecting to identity providers. This only applies to connections with external identity providers and does not apply to connections with Athena. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 2.1.0.0.

Improper neutralization of special elements in the authentication components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a threat actor to execute arbitrary code or redirect authentication flows by using specially crafted connection parameters that are processed by the driver during user-initiated authentication. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 2.1.0.0.

A specific administrative endpoint is accessible without proper authentication, exposing device management functions.

prompts.chat prior to commit 1464475, contains an identity confusion vulnerability due to inconsistent case-sensitive and case-insensitive handling of usernames across write and read paths, allowing attackers to create case-variant usernames that bypass uniqueness checks. Attackers can exploit non-deterministic username resolution to impersonate victim accounts, replace profile content on canonical URLs, and inject attacker-controlled metadata and content across the platform.

prompts.chat prior to commit 30a8f04 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the Fal.ai media status polling feature that allows authenticated users to perform arbitrary outbound requests by supplying attacker-controlled URLs in the token parameter. Attackers can exploit the lack of URL validation to disclose the FAL_API_KEY in the Authorization header, enabling credential theft, internal network probing, and abuse of the victim's Fal.ai account.

prompts.chat prior to commit 7b81836 contains multiple authorization bypass vulnerabilities due to missing isPrivate checks across API endpoints and page metadata generation that allow unauthorized users to access sensitive data associated with private prompts. Attackers can exploit these missing authorization checks to retrieve private prompt version history, change requests, examples, current content, and metadata including titles and descriptions exposed via HTML meta tags.

prompts.chat prior to commit 0f8d4c3 contains a path traversal vulnerability in skill file handling that allows attackers to write arbitrary files to the client system by crafting malicious ZIP archives with unsanitized filenames containing path traversal sequences. Attackers can exploit missing server-side filename validation to inject path traversal sequences ../ into skill file archives, which when extracted by vulnerable tools writing files outside the intended directory and overwriting shell initialization files to achieve code execution.

Storage credentials are hardcoded in the mobile app and device firmware. These credentials do not adequately limit end user permissions and do not expire within a reasonable amount of time. This vulnerability may grant unauthorized access to production storage containers.

Hirschmann Industrial HiVision version 08.1.03 prior to 08.1.04 and 08.2.00 contains a vulnerability in the execution of user-configured external applications that allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary binaries. Due to insufficient path sanitization, an attacker can place a malicious binary in the execution path of a configured external application, causing it to be executed instead of the intended application. This can result in execution with elevated privileges depending on the context of the external application.

Hirschmann HiOS devices versions prior to 08.1.00 and 07.1.01 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the EtherNet/IP stack where improper handling of packet length fields allows remote attackers to crash or hang the device. Attackers can send specially crafted UDP EtherNet/IP packets with a length value larger than the actual packet size to render the device inoperable.

Cloudreve is a self-hosted file management and sharing system. Prior to version 4.13.0, the application uses the weak pseudo-random number generator math/rand seeded with time.Now().UnixNano() to generate critical security secrets, including the secret_key, and hash_id_salt. These secrets are generated upon first startup and persisted in the database. An attacker can exploit this by obtaining the administrator's account creation time (via public API endpoints) to narrow the search window for the PRNG seed, and use known hashid to validate the seed. By brute-forcing the seed (demonstrated to take <3 hours on general consumer PC), an attacker can predict the secret_key. This allows them to forge valid JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for any user, including administrators, leading to full account takeover and privilege escalation. This issue has been patched in version 4.13.0.

Budibase is an open-source low-code platform. Prior to version 3.32.5, Budibase's Builder Command Palette renders entity names (tables, views, queries, automations) using Svelte's {@html} directive without any sanitization. An authenticated user with Builder access can create a table, automation, view, or query whose name contains an HTML payload (e.g. <img src=x onerror=alert(document.domain)>). When any Builder-role user in the same workspace opens the Command Palette (Ctrl+K), the payload executes in their browser, stealing their session cookie and enabling full account takeover. This issue has been patched in version 3.32.5.

Budibase is an open-source low-code platform. Prior to version 3.33.4, the plugin file upload endpoint (POST /api/plugin/upload) passes the user-supplied filename directly to createTempFolder() without sanitizing path traversal sequences. An attacker with Global Builder privileges can craft a multipart upload with a filename containing ../ to delete arbitrary directories via rmSync and write arbitrary files via tarball extraction to any filesystem path the Node.js process can access. This issue has been patched in version 3.33.4.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: Defer sub-object cleanup in export put callbacks svc_export_put() calls path_put() and auth_domain_put() immediately when the last reference drops, before the RCU grace period. RCU readers in e_show() and c_show() access both ex_path (via seq_path/d_path) and ex_client->name (via seq_escape) without holding a reference. If cache_clean removes the entry and drops the last reference concurrently, the sub-objects are freed while still in use, producing a NULL pointer dereference in d_path. Commit 2530766492ec ("nfsd: fix UAF when access ex_uuid or ex_stats") moved kfree of ex_uuid and ex_stats into the call_rcu callback, but left path_put() and auth_domain_put() running before the grace period because both may sleep and call_rcu callbacks execute in softirq context. Replace call_rcu/kfree_rcu with queue_rcu_work(), which defers the callback until after the RCU grace period and executes it in process context where sleeping is permitted. This allows path_put() and auth_domain_put() to be moved into the deferred callback alongside the other resource releases. Apply the same fix to expkey_put(), which has the identical pattern with ek_path and ek_client. A dedicated workqueue scopes the shutdown drain to only NFSD export release work items; flushing the shared system_unbound_wq would stall on unrelated work from other subsystems. nfsd_export_shutdown() uses rcu_barrier() followed by flush_workqueue() to ensure all deferred release callbacks complete before the export caches are destroyed. Reviwed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: Hold net reference for the lifetime of /proc/fs/nfs/exports fd The /proc/fs/nfs/exports proc entry is created at module init and persists for the module's lifetime. exports_proc_open() captures the caller's current network namespace and stores its svc_export_cache in seq->private, but takes no reference on the namespace. If the namespace is subsequently torn down (e.g. container destruction after the opener does setns() to a different namespace), nfsd_net_exit() calls nfsd_export_shutdown() which frees the cache. Subsequent reads on the still-open fd dereference the freed cache_detail, walking a freed hash table. Hold a reference on the struct net for the lifetime of the open file descriptor. This prevents nfsd_net_exit() from running -- and thus prevents nfsd_export_shutdown() from freeing the cache -- while any exports fd is open. cache_detail already stores its net pointer (cd->net, set by cache_create_net()), so exports_release() can retrieve it without additional per-file storage.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: bpf: prevent buffer overflow in hid_hw_request right now the returned value is considered to be always valid. However, when playing with HID-BPF, the return value can be arbitrary big, because it's the return value of dispatch_hid_bpf_raw_requests(), which calls the struct_ops and we have no guarantees that the value makes sense.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvdimm/bus: Fix potential use after free in asynchronous initialization Dingisoul with KASAN reports a use after free if device_add() fails in nd_async_device_register(). Commit b6eae0f61db2 ("libnvdimm: Hold reference on parent while scheduling async init") correctly added a reference on the parent device to be held until asynchronous initialization was complete. However, if device_add() results in an allocation failure the ref count of the device drops to 0 prior to the parent pointer being accessed. Thus resulting in use after free. The bug bot AI correctly identified the fix. Save a reference to the parent pointer to be used to drop the parent reference regardless of the outcome of device_add().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/rmap: fix incorrect pte restoration for lazyfree folios We batch unmap anonymous lazyfree folios by folio_unmap_pte_batch. If the batch has a mix of writable and non-writable bits, we may end up setting the entire batch writable. Fix this by respecting writable bit during batching. Although on a successful unmap of a lazyfree folio, the soft-dirty bit is lost, preserve it on pte restoration by respecting the bit during batching, to make the fix consistent w.r.t both writable bit and soft-dirty bit. I was able to write the below reproducer and crash the kernel. Explanation of reproducer (set 64K mTHP to always): Fault in a 64K large folio. Split the VMA at mid-point with MADV_DONTFORK. fork() - parent points to the folio with 8 writable ptes and 8 non-writable ptes. Merge the VMAs with MADV_DOFORK so that folio_unmap_pte_batch() can determine all the 16 ptes as a batch. Do MADV_FREE on the range to mark the folio as lazyfree. Write to the memory to dirty the pte, eventually rmap will dirty the folio. Then trigger reclaim, we will hit the pte restoration path, and the kernel will crash with the trace given below. The BUG happens at: BUG_ON(atomic_inc_return(&ptc->anon_map_count) > 1 && rw); The code path is asking for anonymous page to be mapped writable into the pagetable. The BUG_ON() firing implies that such a writable page has been mapped into the pagetables of more than one process, which breaks anonymous memory/CoW semantics. [ 21.134473] kernel BUG at mm/page_table_check.c:118! [ 21.134497] Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP [ 21.135917] Modules linked in: [ 21.136085] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 1735 Comm: dup-lazyfree Not tainted 7.0.0-rc1-00116-g018018a17770 #1028 PREEMPT [ 21.136858] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) [ 21.137019] pstate: 21400005 (nzCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO +DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 21.137308] pc : page_table_check_set+0x28c/0x2a8 [ 21.137607] lr : page_table_check_set+0x134/0x2a8 [ 21.137885] sp : ffff80008a3b3340 [ 21.138124] x29: ffff80008a3b3340 x28: fffffdffc3d14400 x27: ffffd1a55e03d000 [ 21.138623] x26: 0040000000000040 x25: ffffd1a55f7dd000 x24: 0000000000000001 [ 21.139045] x23: 0000000000000001 x22: 0000000000000001 x21: ffffd1a55f217f30 [ 21.139629] x20: 0000000000134521 x19: 0000000000134519 x18: 005c43e000040000 [ 21.140027] x17: 0001400000000000 x16: 0001700000000000 x15: 000000000000ffff [ 21.140578] x14: 000000000000000c x13: 005c006000000000 x12: 0000000000000020 [ 21.140828] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 005c000000000000 x9 : ffffd1a55c079ee0 [ 21.141077] x8 : 0000000000000001 x7 : 005c03e000040000 x6 : 000000004000ffff [ 21.141490] x5 : ffff00017fffce00 x4 : 0000000000000001 x3 : 0000000000000002 [ 21.141741] x2 : 0000000000134510 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff0000c08228c0 [ 21.141991] Call trace: [ 21.142093] page_table_check_set+0x28c/0x2a8 (P) [ 21.142265] __page_table_check_ptes_set+0x144/0x1e8 [ 21.142441] __set_ptes_anysz.constprop.0+0x160/0x1a8 [ 21.142766] contpte_set_ptes+0xe8/0x140 [ 21.142907] try_to_unmap_one+0x10c4/0x10d0 [ 21.143177] rmap_walk_anon+0x100/0x250 [ 21.143315] try_to_unmap+0xa0/0xc8 [ 21.143441] shrink_folio_list+0x59c/0x18a8 [ 21.143759] shrink_lruvec+0x664/0xbf0 [ 21.144043] shrink_node+0x218/0x878 [ 21.144285] __node_reclaim.constprop.0+0x98/0x338 [ 21.144763] user_proactive_reclaim+0x2a4/0x340 [ 21.145056] reclaim_store+0x3c/0x60 [ 21.145216] dev_attr_store+0x20/0x40 [ 21.145585] sysfs_kf_write+0x84/0xa8 [ 21.145835] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x130/0x1c8 [ 21.145994] vfs_write+0x2b8/0x368 [ 21.146119] ksys_write+0x70/0x110 [ 21.146240] __arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x38 [ 21.146380] invoke_syscall+0x50/0x120 [ 21.146513] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x48/0xf8 [ 21.146679] do_el0_svc+0x28/0x40 [ 21.146798] el0_svc+0x34/0x110 [ 21.146926] el0t ---truncated---