CVE Database

A vulnerability in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have at least Read Only Admin credentials. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain user-level access to the underlying operating system and then elevate privileges to root. In single-node ISE deployments, successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could cause the affected ISE node to become unavailable, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. In that condition, endpoints that have not already authenticated would be unable to access the network until the node is restored.

A vulnerability in the integration of single sign-on (SSO) with Control Hub in Cisco Webex Services could have allowed an unauthenticated, remote attacker to impersonate any user within the service. This vulnerability existed because of improper certificate validation. Prior to this vulnerability being addressed, an attacker could have exploited this vulnerability by connecting to a service endpoint and supplying a crafted token. A successful exploit could have allowed the attacker to gain unauthorized access to legitimate Cisco Webex services.

A vulnerability in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have at least Read Only Admin credentials. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain user-level access to the underlying operating system and then elevate privileges to root. In single-node ISE deployments, successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could cause the affected ISE node to become unavailable, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. In that condition, endpoints that have not already authenticated would be unable to access the network until the node is restored.

A vulnerability in Cisco ISE and Cisco ISE-PIC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain user-level access to the underlying operating system and then elevate privileges to root. In single-node ISE deployments, successful exploitation of this vulnerability could cause the affected ISE node to become unavailable, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. In that condition, endpoints that have not already authenticated would be unable to access the network until the node is restored.

Upsonic 0.71.6 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its MCP server/task creation functionality. The application allows users to define MCP tasks with arbitrary command and args values. Although an allowlist exists, certain allowed commands (npm, npx) accept argument flags that enable execution of arbitrary OS commands. Maliciously crafted MCP tasks may lead to remote code execution with the privileges of the Upsonic process. In version 0.72.0 Upsonic added a warning about using Stdio servers being able to execute commands directly on the machine.

Impact@fastify/express v4.0.4 and earlier fails to normalize URLs before passing them to Express middleware when Fastify router normalization options are enabled. This allows complete bypass of path-scoped authentication middleware via duplicate slashes when ignoreDuplicateSlashes is enabled, or via semicolon delimiters when useSemicolonDelimiter is enabled. In both cases, Fastify router normalizes the URL and matches the route, but @fastify/express passes the original un-normalized URL to Express middleware, which fails to match and is skipped. An unauthenticated attacker can access protected routes by manipulating the URL path. PatchesUpgrade to @fastify/express v4.0.5 or later.

@fastify/express v4.0.4 and earlier contains a path handling bug in the onRegister function that causes middleware paths to be doubled when inherited by child plugins. When a child plugin is registered with a prefix that matches a middleware path, the middleware path is prefixed a second time, causing it to never match incoming requests. This results in complete bypass of Express middleware security controls, including authentication, authorization, and rate limiting, for all routes defined within affected child plugin scopes. No special configuration or request crafting is required. Upgrade to @fastify/express v4.0.5 or later.

The Visa Acceptance Solutions plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.0. This is due to the `express_pay_product_page_pay_for_order()` function logging users in based solely on a user-supplied billing email address during guest checkout for subscription products, without verifying email ownership, requiring a password, or validating a one-time token. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user, including administrators, by providing the target user's email address in the billing_details parameter, resulting in complete account takeover and site compromise.

OpenRemote is an open-source IoT platform. Versions 1.21.0 and below contain two interrelated expression injection vulnerabilities in the rules engine that allow arbitrary code execution on the server. The JavaScript rules engine executes user-supplied scripts via Nashorn's ScriptEngine.eval() without sandboxing, class filtering, or access restrictions, and the authorization check in RulesResourceImpl only restricts Groovy rules to superusers while leaving JavaScript rules unrestricted for any user with the write:rules role. Additionally, the Groovy rules engine has a GroovyDenyAllFilter security filter that is defined but never registered, as the registration code is commented out, rendering the SandboxTransformer ineffective for superuser-created Groovy rules. A non-superuser attacker with the write:rules role can create JavaScript rulesets that execute with full JVM access, enabling remote code execution as root, arbitrary file read, environment variable theft including database credentials, and complete multi-tenant isolation bypass to access data across all realms. This issue has been fixed in version 1.22.0.

The WebStack theme for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the io_img_upload() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.2024. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.

NuGet Gallery is a package repository that powers nuget.org. A security vulnerability exists in the NuGetGallery backend job’s handling of .nuspec files within NuGet packages. An attacker can supply a crafted nuspec file with malicious metadata, leading to cross package metadata injection that may result in remote code execution (RCE) and/or arbitrary blob writes due to insufficient input validation. The issue is exploitable via URI fragment injection using unsanitized package identifiers, allowing an attacker to control the resolved blob path. This enables writes to arbitrary blobs within the storage container, not limited to .nupkg files, resulting in potential tampering of existing content. This issue has been patched in commit 0e80f87628349207cdcaf55358491f8a6f1ca276.

Jellyfin is an open source self hosted media server. Versions prior to 10.11.7 contain an unauthenticated arbitrary file read vulnerability via ffmpeg argument injection through the StreamOptions query parameter parsing mechanism. The ParseStreamOptions method in StreamingHelpers.cs adds any lowercase query parameter to a dictionary without validation, bypassing the RegularExpression attribute on the level controller parameter, and the unsanitized value is concatenated directly into the ffmpeg command line. By injecting a drawtext filter with a textfile argument, an attacker can read arbitrary server files such as /etc/shadow and exfiltrate their contents as text rendered in the video stream response. The vulnerable /Videos/{itemId}/stream endpoint has no Authorize attribute, making this exploitable without authentication, though item GUIDs are pseudorandom and require an authenticated user to obtain. This issue has been fixed in version 10.11.7.

Jellyfin is an open source self hosted media server. Versions prior to 10.11.7 contain a vulnerability chain in the subtitle upload endpoint (POST /Videos/{itemId}/Subtitles), where the Format field is not validated, allowing path traversal via the file extension and enabling arbitrary file write. This arbitrary file write can be chained into arbitrary file read via .strm files, database extraction, admin privilege escalation, and ultimately remote code execution as root via ld.so.preload. Exploitation requires an administrator account or a user that has been explicitly granted the "Upload Subtitles" permission. This issue has been fixed in version 10.11.7. If users are unable to upgrade immediately, they can grant non-administrator users Subtitle upload permissions to reduce attack surface.

OAuth2 Proxy is a reverse proxy that provides authentication using OAuth2 providers. Versions prior to 7.15.2 contain a configuration-dependent authentication bypass in deployments where OAuth2 Proxy is used with an auth_request-style integration (such as nginx auth_request) and either --ping-user-agent is set or --gcp-healthchecks is enabled. In affected configurations, OAuth2 Proxy treats any request with the configured health check User-Agent value as a successful health check regardless of the requested path, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication and access protected upstream resources. Deployments that do not use auth_request-style subrequests or that do not enable --ping-user-agent/--gcp-healthchecks are not affected. This issue is fixed in 7.15.2.

Unisys WebPerfect Image Suite versions 3.0.3960.22810 and 3.0.3960.22604 expose an unauthenticated WCF SOAP endpoint on TCP port 1208 that accepts unsanitized file paths in the ReadLicense action's LFName parameter, allowing remote attackers to trigger SMB connections and leak NTLMv2 machine-account hashes. Attackers can submit crafted SOAP requests with UNC paths to force the server to initiate outbound SMB connections, exposing authentication credentials that may be relayed for privilege escalation or lateral movement within the network.

Unisys WebPerfect Image Suite versions 3.0.3960.22810 and 3.0.3960.22604 expose a deprecated .NET Remoting TCP channel that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to leak NTLMv2 machine-account hashes by supplying a Windows UNC path as a target file argument through object-unmarshalling techniques. Attackers can capture the leaked NTLMv2 hash and relay it to other hosts to achieve privilege escalation or lateral movement depending on network configuration and patch level.

ColdFusion versions 2023.18, 2025.6 and earlier are affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Sandbox Escape Vulnerability in Terrarium allows arbitrary code execution with root privileges on a host process via JavaScript prototype chain traversal.

Adobe Connect versions 2025.3, 12.10 and earlier are affected by a Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to inject malicious scripts into a web page, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page. Scope is changed.

Double free in Windows IKE Extension allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Adobe Connect versions 2025.3, 12.10 and earlier are affected by a Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page. Scope is changed.

Adobe Connect versions 2025.3, 12.10 and earlier are affected by a DOM-based Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to inject malicious scripts into a web page, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page. Scope is changed.

Adobe Connect versions 2025.3, 12.10 and earlier are affected by a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to inject malicious scripts into a web page, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page. Scope is changed.

Adobe Connect versions 2025.3, 12.10 and earlier are affected by a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to inject malicious scripts into a web page, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page. Scope is changed.

Improper neutralization of escape, meta, or control sequences in Microsoft Power Apps allows an authorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

An issue pertaining to CWE-843: Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type was discovered in transloadit uppy v0.25.6.

A path traversal: '../filedir' vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 5.0.0 through 5.0.5, FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.8 may allow attacker to escalation of privilege via specially crafted HTTP requests.

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.8 may allow attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via <insert attack vector here>

An authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability in the /admin/tinymce/upload endpoint of Webkul Krayin CRM v2.2.x allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via uploading a crafted PHP file.

In manikandan580 School-management-system 1.0, a time-based blind SQL injection vulnerability exists in /studentms/admin/between-date-reprtsdetails.php through the fromdate POST parameter.